Atlas/Evidence
Evidence

Evidence, organized by source and entity

Evidence records are organized here with a category, source, confidence level, tags, and the entity they relate to. Atlas does not draw conclusions from a single record — records are combined into the entity graph and scenarios.

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Evidence IDProjectEntityDateCategorySourceConfidenceStatusTagsNotes
EV-001Graphite AmericaSpheronization Facility (non-domestic)2026-02-11MarketIndustry reportingHighVerified
processingmarket
Battery-grade anode graphite processing capacity is geographically concentrated outside North America.
EV-002Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Processing Site2026-02-18InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumVerified
infrastructuresiting
Imperial Valley region has existing industrial power and rail infrastructure relevant to materials processing.
EV-003Graphite AmericaBrazil Flake Deposit A2026-01-30GeologyGeological survey dataMediumVerified
geologysourcing
Brazil and Argentina have documented flake graphite deposits at varying development stages.
EV-004Graphite AmericaCell Maker A2026-02-05RegulatoryIndustry reportingMediumUnder Review
qualificationregulatory
Qualification cycles for new anode material suppliers typically span multiple quarters.
EV-005Graphite AmericaSpheronization Facility (non-domestic)2026-01-22TechnicalTechnical literatureHighVerified
technicalenergy
Synthetic graphite production is energy-intensive relative to natural flake processing.
EV-006Graphite AmericaPort of Long Beach2026-02-14InfrastructurePort authority dataHighVerified
infrastructurelogistics
Port of Long Beach has existing bulk materials handling infrastructure.
EV-007Graphite AmericaCell Maker B2026-02-20MarketPublic filingsLowPending
marketofftake
Two candidate cell makers have publicly stated anode-material diversification interest.
EV-008Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Processing Site2026-02-08InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumUnder Review
infrastructurewater
Water availability is a material siting constraint in the Imperial Valley.
EV-009Graphite AmericaImperial Irrigation District (power)2026-02-19InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumVerified
infrastructureenergy
Existing geothermal power generation in the Imperial Valley could offset processing energy load.
EV-010Graphite AmericaBulk Graphite Storage Terminal2026-02-21InfrastructurePort authority dataMediumPending
infrastructurestorage
Bulk storage terminal capacity appears sufficient for initial import volumes.
EV-011Graphite AmericaInland Trucking Logistics Provider2026-02-22LogisticsIndustry reportingLowPending
logisticstransport
Inland trucking capacity may require multi-carrier contracts during ramp-up.
EV-012Graphite AmericaMozambique Flake Deposit A2026-02-24GeologyGeological survey dataHighVerified
geologysourcing
Indicated resource estimated at approximately 18 million tonnes at 8.2% carbon (Cg), large-flake dominant, based on 2024 diamond drilling results.
EV-013Graphite AmericaMozambique Flake Deposit A2026-02-25GeologyGeological survey dataHighUnder Review
geologysourcing
At a planned extraction rate of 60,000 tonnes concentrate per year, the indicated resource supports an estimated 22-year mine life before further exploration is required.
EV-014Graphite AmericaMozambique Flake Deposit B2026-02-26GeologyGeological survey dataMediumUnder Review
geologysourcing
Early-stage resource, approximately 6 million tonnes inferred at 6.5% Cg; drilling density is not yet sufficient to convert to an indicated resource.
EV-015Graphite AmericaMozambique Flake Deposit B2026-02-27GeologyGeological survey dataMediumVerified
geologysourcing
Overburden depth of 12–18 meters is comparable to Deposit A, suggesting similar strip-mining economics rather than underground extraction.
EV-016Graphite AmericaMadagascar Flake Deposit A2026-03-02GeologyGeological survey dataHighVerified
geologysourcing
Weathered saprolite zone extends to approximately 25 meters, consistent with published data from adjacent Toamasina-area concessions operated by other producers.
EV-017Graphite AmericaMadagascar Flake Deposit A2026-03-03GeologyGeological survey dataHighUnder Review
geologysourcing
Measured and indicated resource of approximately 14 million tonnes at 7.8% Cg, with a higher proportion of large- and jumbo-flake material than the Mozambique deposits.
EV-018Graphite AmericaSri Lanka Vein Deposit A2026-03-04GeologyGeological survey dataMediumUnder Review
geologysourcing
Vein-hosted deposit with exceptionally high purity (typically 90%+ Cg in situ) but narrow vein widths (0.3–1.2 meters) that limit mechanized extraction rates.
EV-019Graphite AmericaSri Lanka Vein Deposit A2026-03-05GeologyGeological survey dataMediumVerified
geologysourcing
Total estimated resource of approximately 400,000 tonnes — roughly 2% of the tonnage available from either Brazilian deposit — positioning this source as a high-purity specialty supplement, not a primary volume source.
EV-020Graphite AmericaTanzania Flake Deposit A2026-03-06GeologyGeological survey dataHighVerified
geologysourcing
Resource drilling is approximately 60% complete; current indicated resource of 9 million tonnes at 7.1% Cg is expected to grow as the 2026 drill program concludes.
EV-021Graphite AmericaTanzania Flake Deposit A2026-03-09GeologyGeological survey dataHighUnder Review
geologysourcing
Deposit sits within 40 km of the planned Mtwara–Songea rail extension, which would materially change export logistics if completed on the currently published timeline.
EV-022Graphite AmericaBrazil Flake Deposit B2026-03-10GeologyGeological survey dataMediumUnder Review
geologysourcing
Located approximately 380 km from Deposit A in a separate geological basin; lower average grade (5.4% Cg) but larger contiguous concession area.
EV-023Graphite AmericaBrazil Flake Deposit B2026-03-11GeologyGeological survey dataMediumVerified
geologysourcing
Preliminary economic assessment (2025) estimated a sustaining capital requirement roughly 15% below Deposit A due to shallower overburden, pending confirmation drilling.
EV-024Graphite AmericaLouisiana Gulf Coast Processing Site2026-03-12InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighVerified
infrastructuresiting
Site diligence identifies an existing Class II hazardous waste permit held by the prior tenant, which could shorten the DTSC re-permitting timeline by an estimated 6–9 months versus a greenfield site.
EV-025Graphite AmericaLouisiana Gulf Coast Processing Site2026-03-13InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighUnder Review
infrastructuresiting
Gulf Coast site benefits from existing rail and barge access but sits within a NOAA-designated Category 3 hurricane storm surge zone, requiring elevated pad construction.
EV-026Graphite AmericaOntario Processing Site2026-03-16InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumUnder Review
infrastructuresiting
Ontario site qualifies for the Canadian Critical Minerals Infrastructure Fund, which could offset up to 30% of eligible capital costs pending formal application.
EV-027Graphite AmericaOntario Processing Site2026-03-17InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumVerified
infrastructuresiting
Existing hydroelectric power contracts in the region price at roughly $0.045/kWh, materially below the U.S. Southwest industrial rate assumed for the Imperial Valley candidate.
EV-028Graphite AmericaCeará Processing Site2026-03-18InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighVerified
infrastructuresiting
In-country Brazilian processing would qualify for a regional industrial development tax abatement currently valued at an estimated 12% reduction in effective tax rate for the first seven years of operation.
EV-029Graphite AmericaCeará Processing Site2026-03-19InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighUnder Review
infrastructuresiting
Ceará state has an active MOU program with three flake producers in Minas Gerais and Bahia for co-located processing investment, though none have advanced past feasibility stage.
EV-030Graphite AmericaQingdao Purification Facility2026-03-20TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumUnder Review
technicalprocessing
Qingdao facility throughput is independently estimated at 40,000–50,000 tonnes of spherical graphite annually based on trade data and satellite imagery of stockpile volumes.
EV-031Graphite AmericaQingdao Purification Facility2026-03-23TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumVerified
technicalprocessing
Facility has operated continuously since 2016 with no publicly reported major outages, suggesting mature process control relative to newer entrants.
EV-032Graphite AmericaYichang Purification Facility2026-03-24TechnicalTechnical literatureHighVerified
technicalprocessing
Yichang facility's purification process reportedly uses a hydrofluoric acid method rather than the higher-temperature thermal purification used at Qingdao, with different byproduct handling requirements.
EV-033Graphite AmericaYichang Purification Facility2026-03-25TechnicalTechnical literatureHighUnder Review
technicalprocessing
Regional environmental enforcement actions against similar facilities in Hubei province in 2023–2024 suggest tightening compliance costs for HF-based purification going forward.
EV-034Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Purification Line2026-03-26TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumUnder Review
technicalprocessing
A domestic purification line has not been operated at commercial scale by any U.S. producer; the closest precedent is a 2023 pilot facility in North Carolina operating at approximately 1/20th of the throughput this program would require.
EV-035Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Purification Line2026-03-27TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumVerified
technicalprocessing
Preliminary engineering estimates place capital cost for a domestic purification line at $85–110 million, with a wide range reflecting the absence of a directly comparable built precedent.
EV-036Graphite AmericaNingbo Spheronization Facility2026-03-30TechnicalTechnical literatureHighVerified
technicalprocessing
Ningbo facility capacity is estimated at 35,000 tonnes annually based on 2025 industry association disclosures, roughly 15% smaller than the primary Qingdao alternative.
EV-037Graphite AmericaNingbo Spheronization Facility2026-03-31TechnicalTechnical literatureHighUnder Review
technicalprocessing
Ningbo facility has an existing commercial relationship with at least one other North American graphite program, per public offtake announcements, indicating available near-term capacity may be limited.
EV-038Graphite AmericaHeilongjiang Spheronization Facility2026-04-01TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumUnder Review
technicalprocessing
Heilongjiang facility is the northernmost option under evaluation and carries the longest inland transport distance to coastal export ports among the three non-domestic alternatives.
EV-039Graphite AmericaHeilongjiang Spheronization Facility2026-04-02TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumVerified
technicalprocessing
Regional power costs in Heilongjiang are reported as among the lowest of the three spheronization alternatives, partially offsetting the longer logistics chain.
EV-040Graphite AmericaCell Maker A Anode Line2026-04-03MarketIndustry reportingHighVerified
marketofftake
Cell Maker A's anode line has a stated qualification protocol requiring a minimum of three consecutive production-scale batches meeting capacity retention specifications above 92% after 500 cycles.
EV-041Graphite AmericaCell Maker A Anode Line2026-04-06MarketIndustry reportingHighUnder Review
marketofftake
Internal program tracking shows two of three required qualification batches completed as of this evidence date, with the third scheduled pending purification-line output availability.
EV-042Graphite AmericaCell Maker B Anode Line2026-04-07MarketIndustry reportingMediumUnder Review
marketofftake
Cell Maker B's qualification protocol differs from Cell Maker A's, requiring an additional thermal stability test not present in Cell Maker A's standard intake process.
EV-043Graphite AmericaCell Maker B Anode Line2026-04-08MarketIndustry reportingMediumVerified
marketofftake
Cell Maker B has indicated in supplier correspondence that its anode line has approximately 15% spare capacity through the next two fiscal quarters.
EV-044Graphite AmericaIndependent Anode Producer2026-04-09MarketIndustry reportingHighVerified
marketofftake
Independent Anode Producer began commercial operations in 2024 and has not yet published a full year of production data, limiting the program's ability to benchmark its reliability against incumbent cell-maker lines.
EV-045Graphite AmericaIndependent Anode Producer2026-04-10MarketIndustry reportingHighUnder Review
marketofftake
Producer has stated public interest in a long-term tolling arrangement rather than a direct offtake contract, which would require different contractual structuring than the primary pathway.
EV-046Graphite AmericaPort of Santos2026-04-13LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumUnder Review
logisticstransport
Port of Santos bulk terminal throughput data from the port authority shows average dwell time of 4.2 days for comparable dry bulk commodities in 2025, within acceptable program tolerances.
EV-047Graphite AmericaPort of Santos2026-04-14LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumVerified
logisticstransport
Santos has an active labor agreement through 2027, reducing near-term strike risk relative to some other Brazilian ports currently in renegotiation.
EV-048Graphite AmericaPort of Beira2026-04-15LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighVerified
logisticstransport
Port of Beira's bulk handling equipment was last upgraded in 2018; independent shipping-agent reports describe loading rates roughly 40% slower than Santos for comparable dry bulk cargo.
EV-049Graphite AmericaPort of Beira2026-04-16LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighUnder Review
logisticstransport
Beira's channel depth restricts vessel size to approximately 40,000 DWT, requiring smaller shipments or transshipment relative to the larger vessels usable at Santos.
EV-050Graphite AmericaBNSF Southern California Corridor2026-04-17LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumUnder Review
logisticstransport
BNSF's Southern California corridor reports average utilization of approximately 70% of theoretical capacity on the relevant segment, based on the 2025 state freight rail plan.
EV-051Graphite AmericaBNSF Southern California Corridor2026-04-20LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumVerified
logisticstransport
A parallel Union Pacific line provides a documented alternative routing in the event of a service disruption on the primary BNSF segment.
EV-052Graphite AmericaVitória-Minas Railway2026-04-21LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighVerified
logisticstransport
Vitória-Minas railway is jointly used by at least one major iron ore exporter, whose published shipment schedule indicates seasonal congestion during Brazilian iron ore's April–August peak export window.
EV-053Graphite AmericaVitória-Minas Railway2026-04-22LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighUnder Review
logisticstransport
Railway operator has publicly committed to a capacity expansion completing in 2028, which would postdate this program's initial ramp-up period.
EV-054Graphite AmericaLong Beach Bonded Warehouse2026-04-23LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumUnder Review
logisticstransport
Long Beach bonded warehouse space in the relevant size class has quoted lease rates of approximately $14–17 per square foot annually as of early 2026, per commercial real estate brokerage data.
EV-055Graphite AmericaLong Beach Bonded Warehouse2026-04-24LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumVerified
logisticstransport
Available bonded warehouse capacity in the immediate port-adjacent zone is limited; the closest quoted availability meeting program specifications is approximately 8 miles inland.
EV-056Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Feedstock Warehouse2026-04-27LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighVerified
logisticstransport
Feedstock warehouse site selection is contingent on final processing-site layout, which has not been fixed pending the Parcel A versus Parcel B siting decision.
EV-057Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Feedstock Warehouse2026-04-28LogisticsPort and rail authority dataHighUnder Review
logisticstransport
A pre-engineered metal building of the required specification carries an estimated construction cost of $6–8 million based on regional contractor quotes for comparable industrial warehouse projects.
EV-058Graphite AmericaRotterdam Transshipment Warehouse2026-04-29LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumUnder Review
logisticstransport
Rotterdam transshipment routing was quoted by two freight forwarders at an incremental cost of $35–45 per tonne versus direct shipment, plus 10–14 additional transit days.
EV-059Graphite AmericaRotterdam Transshipment Warehouse2026-04-30LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumVerified
logisticstransport
European transshipment would only be operationally relevant if a European offtake customer (see Customer segment evidence) advances past preliminary discussions.
EV-060Graphite AmericaSouthern California Edison Interconnection2026-05-01InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighVerified
infrastructuresiting
Southern California Edison's published interconnection queue shows a current average study-to-energization timeline of approximately 3.5 years for comparable industrial loads in the region.
EV-061Graphite AmericaSouthern California Edison Interconnection2026-05-04InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataHighUnder Review
infrastructuresiting
Interconnection cost estimates from SCE's publicly available fee schedule suggest $12–18 million in network upgrade costs could be allocated to this project depending on final queue position.
EV-062Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Solar Array2026-05-05InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumUnder Review
infrastructuresiting
Candidate solar array site has average annual insolation among the highest in the continental U.S. per NREL resource data, supporting a favorable capacity factor estimate of approximately 32%.
EV-063Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Solar Array2026-05-06InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumVerified
infrastructuresiting
Land lease terms for utility-scale solar in Imperial County have been quoted in the range of $800–1,200 per acre annually based on recent comparable transactions.
EV-064Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Industrial Parcel A2026-05-07Land UseCounty zoning dataHighVerified
landsiting
Parcel A title review, completed in Q1 2026, identified one recorded easement for an existing irrigation canal that would need to be relocated or engineered around during site development.
EV-065Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Industrial Parcel A2026-05-08Land UseCounty zoning dataHighUnder Review
landsiting
Parcel A is zoned M-2 (heavy industrial) under current Imperial County code, which permits chemical processing use without a zoning variance.
EV-066Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Industrial Parcel B2026-05-11Land UseCounty zoning dataMediumUnder Review
landsiting
Parcel B is approximately 40% larger than Parcel A but is zoned M-1 (light industrial), which would require a use variance for chemical processing activities.
EV-067Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Industrial Parcel B2026-05-12Land UseCounty zoning dataMediumVerified
landsiting
Parcel B sits roughly 6 miles from the nearest rail spur, versus direct rail access at Parcel A, implying an estimated $4–6 million incremental cost for a dedicated rail connector if selected.
EV-068Graphite AmericaColorado River Aqueduct Allocation2026-05-13Water RightsRegional water authority dataHighVerified
waterconstraint
Colorado River allocation negotiations involve at least four other claimant parties beyond the Imperial Irrigation District, per public filings with the California State Water Resources Control Board.
EV-069Graphite AmericaColorado River Aqueduct Allocation2026-05-14Water RightsRegional water authority dataHighUnder Review
waterconstraint
Historical allocation negotiations of comparable scope in the Colorado River basin have taken 3–7 years to resolve, per state water authority case history.
EV-070Graphite AmericaCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances Control2026-05-15PermittingPermitting authority dataMediumUnder Review
permittingregulatory
DTSC's published median permit review time for comparable Category III chemical handling facilities was 27 months for permits issued between 2021–2025.
EV-071Graphite AmericaCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances Control2026-05-18PermittingPermitting authority dataMediumVerified
permittingregulatory
DTSC pre-application consultation, where used by comparable applicants, correlated with an average 20% reduction in total review time in a sample of 14 similar California facility permits.
EV-072Graphite AmericaImperial County Planning & Development Services2026-05-19PermittingPermitting authority dataHighVerified
permittingregulatory
Imperial County's zoning approval process for the relevant land use classification has historically required a public hearing period of 60–90 days, per county planning department procedural guidelines.
EV-073Graphite AmericaImperial County Planning & Development Services2026-05-20PermittingPermitting authority dataHighUnder Review
permittingregulatory
County planning staff confirmed in a pre-application meeting that no general plan amendment would be required for the current site configuration, reducing procedural risk.
EV-074Graphite AmericaU.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Los Angeles District)2026-05-21PermittingPermitting authority dataMediumUnder Review
permittingregulatory
Army Corps jurisdictional determination requests for comparable water-adjacent industrial sites in the region have taken a median of 14 months to resolve per publicly available Corps case data.
EV-075Graphite AmericaU.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Los Angeles District)2026-05-22PermittingPermitting authority dataMediumVerified
permittingregulatory
A preliminary wetlands delineation survey commissioned for this program identified no jurisdictional wetlands within the primary site boundary, though the adjacent water infrastructure corridor remains under review.
EV-076Graphite AmericaSalton Sea Air Basin Monitoring Zone2026-05-25EnvironmentalEnvironmental impact assessmentHighVerified
environmentalcompliance
Salton Sea Air Basin is currently classified as nonattainment for PM10 under federal standards, which imposes additional emissions offset requirements on new industrial sources.
EV-077Graphite AmericaSalton Sea Air Basin Monitoring Zone2026-05-26EnvironmentalEnvironmental impact assessmentHighUnder Review
environmentalcompliance
Comparable processing facilities elsewhere have achieved PM10 compliance using baghouse filtration systems with a documented capture efficiency above 99.5%.
EV-078Graphite AmericaColorado River Delta Habitat Zone2026-05-27EnvironmentalEnvironmental impact assessmentMediumUnder Review
environmentalcompliance
Colorado River Delta habitat review precedent from a comparable cross-border infrastructure project suggests binational environmental consultation could add 6–12 months to permitting if triggered.
EV-079Graphite AmericaColorado River Delta Habitat Zone2026-05-28EnvironmentalEnvironmental impact assessmentMediumVerified
environmentalcompliance
No federally listed endangered species habitat has been identified within the immediate project footprint per the most recent U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service critical habitat mapping.
EV-080Graphite AmericaEuropean Battery Consortium2026-05-29MarketIndustry reportingHighVerified
marketofftake
European Battery Consortium's public sourcing roadmap targets 30% non-Asian anode material supply by 2030, a stated policy goal consistent with program positioning but not yet a signed commitment.
EV-081Graphite AmericaEuropean Battery Consortium2026-06-01MarketIndustry reportingHighUnder Review
marketofftake
Consortium's technical qualification standard (per published supplier requirements) is broadly similar to Cell Maker A's protocol but includes an additional carbon-footprint disclosure requirement.
EV-082Graphite AmericaGrid Storage Integrator West2026-06-02MarketIndustry reportingMediumUnder Review
marketofftake
Grid Storage Integrator West's projected annual material demand, per its public capacity expansion announcements, is estimated at 8,000–12,000 tonnes by 2028 — meaningful but secondary to primary battery-cell offtake volume.
EV-083Graphite AmericaGrid Storage Integrator West2026-06-03MarketIndustry reportingMediumVerified
marketofftake
Integrator has indicated openness to a shorter qualification cycle than cell manufacturers, given less stringent cycle-life requirements for stationary storage applications.
EV-084Graphite AmericaSulfuric Acid Supplier2026-06-04Supply ChainSupplier due diligenceHighVerified
supply-chainprocurement
Only one sulfuric acid supplier has been engaged in preliminary discussions; two additional regional suppliers were contacted but have not responded as of this evidence date.
EV-085Graphite AmericaSulfuric Acid Supplier2026-06-05Supply ChainSupplier due diligenceHighUnder Review
supply-chainprocurement
Quoted delivered pricing from the engaged supplier is approximately $145–160 per tonne, consistent with regional industrial acid market data from early 2026.
EV-086Graphite AmericaPetroleum Coke Supplier2026-06-08Supply ChainSupplier due diligenceMediumUnder Review
supply-chainprocurement
Petroleum coke feedstock pricing has moved within a $310–380 per tonne range over the trailing twelve months per commodity market data, a wider band than assumed in initial program cost estimates.
EV-087Graphite AmericaPetroleum Coke Supplier2026-06-09Supply ChainSupplier due diligenceMediumVerified
supply-chainprocurement
Calcined petroleum coke suitable for synthetic graphite production is available from at least three Gulf Coast refiners, reducing single-supplier exposure relative to the sulfuric acid position.
EV-088Graphite AmericaDepartment of Energy Loan Guarantee2026-06-10FinancialFinancial due diligenceHighVerified
financialcapital
DOE Title 17 loan guarantee program has a stated application-to-conditional-commitment timeline of 12–18 months based on program office guidance, with final terms subject to negotiation.
EV-089Graphite AmericaDepartment of Energy Loan Guarantee2026-06-11FinancialFinancial due diligenceHighUnder Review
financialcapital
Comparable critical-minerals processing projects that received DOE loan guarantees in 2023–2025 secured guarantee coverage in the range of 60–80% of eligible project debt.
EV-090Graphite AmericaOfftake Prepayment Facility2026-06-12FinancialFinancial due diligenceMediumUnder Review
financialcapital
Prepayment facility discussions with Cell Maker A reference a structure similar to publicly disclosed prepayment arrangements in the battery materials sector, typically sized at 15–25% of annual contract value.
EV-091Graphite AmericaOfftake Prepayment Facility2026-06-15FinancialFinancial due diligenceMediumVerified
financialcapital
Prepayment terms remain contingent on finalizing the underlying offtake volume and price, which have not yet been fixed.
EV-092Graphite AmericaCritical Minerals Production Tax Credit2026-06-16FinancialFinancial due diligenceHighVerified
financialcapital
The 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit currently provides a credit equal to 10% of production costs for eligible critical minerals, subject to periodic legislative review.
EV-093Graphite AmericaCritical Minerals Production Tax Credit2026-06-17FinancialFinancial due diligenceHighUnder Review
financialcapital
Program eligibility modeling suggests the credit could offset an estimated $8–14 million annually at full production scale, based on current cost assumptions and credit parameters.
EV-094Graphite AmericaMozambique2026-06-18RegulatoryTrade policy dataMediumUnder Review
regulatorytrade-policy
Mozambique's Mining Law framework requires a minimum 20% government free-carry interest in mining concessions, a structural feature not present in Brazilian or Argentine mining codes.
EV-095Graphite AmericaMadagascar2026-06-19RegulatoryTrade policy dataMediumPending
regulatorytrade-policy
Madagascar's export tax on unprocessed graphite is currently 2% of declared value, unchanged since 2019, providing more export-cost predictability than some alternative jurisdictions.
EV-096Graphite AmericaBrazil Flake Deposit A2026-06-22MarketIndustry reportingHighUnder Review
marketofftake
Brazil Flake Deposit A has an active offtake discussion with two candidate cell makers, though neither has progressed to a signed letter of intent as of this evidence date.
EV-097Graphite AmericaArgentina Exploration Block2026-06-23InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataMediumPending
infrastructuresiting
Argentina Exploration Block's infrastructure assessment found the nearest paved road access ends approximately 22 km from the deposit, implying additional unsealed-road haulage cost not present at the Brazilian sites.
EV-098Graphite AmericaImperial Valley Processing Site2026-06-24TechnicalTechnical literatureMediumVerified
technicalprocessing
Independent technical audit of the Imperial Valley candidate site confirmed the proposed process flow diagram is consistent with publicly disclosed capacity figures for comparable purification and coating operations.
EV-099Graphite AmericaSpheronization Facility (non-domestic)2026-06-25LogisticsPort and rail authority dataLowVerified
logisticstransport
Non-domestic spheronization throughput has been benchmarked at approximately 45,000 tonnes annually against the three alternative facilities evaluated in this program (Qingdao, Ningbo, Heilongjiang).
EV-100Graphite AmericaPort of Long Beach2026-06-26FinancialFinancial due diligenceHighUnder Review
financialcapital
Port of Long Beach lease and terminal-use terms for the volumes this program would require are still under negotiation as part of broader program capital planning.
EV-101Graphite AmericaCell Maker A2026-06-29PermittingPermitting authority dataMediumPending
permittingregulatory
Cell Maker A's qualification review process follows a documented 9-step protocol with a typical end-to-end timeline of 7–10 months based on its published supplier onboarding guide.
EV-102Graphite AmericaCell Maker B2026-06-30MarketIndustry reportingMediumVerified
marketofftake
Cell Maker B has expressed measurable interest in a secondary supply relationship, contingent on Cell Maker A's qualification outcome and pricing benchmarks.
EV-103Graphite AmericaImperial Irrigation District (power)2026-07-01InfrastructureRegional infrastructure dataLowVerified
infrastructuresiting
Imperial Irrigation District's infrastructure assessment confirms existing substation capacity is sufficient for the initial processing-site load, though full build-out would likely require the separate SCE interconnection under evaluation.
EV-104Graphite AmericaUnion Pacific Rail Corridor2026-07-02TechnicalTechnical literatureHighUnder Review
technicalprocessing
Union Pacific's technical capacity audit for the relevant corridor segment is consistent with the publicly reported figures cited in the California State Rail Plan.
EV-105Graphite AmericaCoating & Finishing Supplier2026-07-03LogisticsPort and rail authority dataMediumPending
logisticstransport
Coating & Finishing Supplier's logistics throughput has been benchmarked against two comparable Asia-Pacific facilities serving other North American battery-materials programs.
EV-106Graphite AmericaBulk Graphite Storage Terminal2026-07-06FinancialFinancial due diligenceMediumVerified
financialcapital
Bulk Graphite Storage Terminal lease terms are under review as part of program capital planning, with quoted rates broadly consistent with regional bulk storage market rates.
EV-107Graphite AmericaInland Trucking Logistics Provider2026-07-07PermittingPermitting authority dataLowVerified
permittingregulatory
Inland Trucking Logistics Provider's onboarding process and typical multi-carrier contracting timeline have been documented to support ramp-up planning.
EV-108Graphite AmericaSpheronization Facility (non-domestic)2026-05-15MarketIndustry reportingMediumVerified
marketprocessing
Non-domestic spheronization allocations were reported as broadly stable through Q2 2026, with no material tightening observed in available trade reporting.
EV-109Graphite AmericaSpheronization Facility (non-domestic)2026-07-08MarketGlobal Graphite Price BulletinHighVerified
marketprocessing
Battery-grade spherical graphite FOB China pricing rose a cumulative 4.2% over three consecutive weeks ending 2026-07-06, the longest sustained increase since early 2025 — superseding the prior stable-allocation assessment with direct evidence of tightening non-domestic spheronization capacity.
IVE-001Imperial Valley CorridorColorado River Allocation (Imperial Irrigation District)2026-02-10Water RightsRegional water authority dataHighVerified
waterconstraint
IID holds a Colorado River entitlement of approximately 3.1 million acre-feet annually under the 1934 water rights compact, currently allocated at over 97% to agricultural use with no unallocated industrial reserve.
IVE-002Imperial Valley CorridorSalton Sea Geothermal Field2026-02-12EnergyRegional infrastructure dataHighVerified
energygeothermal
Salton Sea geothermal field has approximately 400 MW of installed generation capacity across 11 operating plants, with brine assays indicating lithium concentrations of 200–400 mg/L — among the highest documented geothermal brine grades in North America.
IVE-003Imperial Valley CorridorLithium Valley Extraction Site2026-02-14Critical MineralsIndustry reportingMediumUnder Review
lithiummining
Direct lithium extraction (DLE) has been piloted at sub-commercial scale (under 1,000 tonnes LCE/year) by at least two operators in the basin; no facility in the region has yet reached the 20,000+ tonne annual scale assumed in early feasibility work.
IVE-004Imperial Valley CorridorImperial Valley Irrigated Farmland2026-02-15AgricultureRegional agricultural dataMediumVerified
agriculturewater
Irrigated farmland accounts for the large majority of current regional water use, framing the siting tradeoff for industrial users.
IVE-005Imperial Valley CorridorCalexico Border Crossing2026-02-17LogisticsBorder crossing dataMediumVerified
logisticscross-border
Calexico border crossing has existing commercial freight capacity but is subject to periodic congestion.
IVE-006Imperial Valley CorridorRegional Data Center Cluster2026-02-19AI InfrastructureIndustry reportingLowPending
ai-infrastructurepower
At least one hyperscale data center developer has conducted a non-binding site visit citing geothermal power availability, per regional economic development office disclosures; no land option or power purchase agreement has been confirmed.
IVE-007Imperial Valley CorridorUndeveloped Industrial Land Parcels2026-02-20Land UseCounty zoning dataMediumVerified
landsiting
Several parcels are zoned for industrial use but lack committed water or power allocations.
IVE-008Imperial Valley CorridorUnion Pacific Rail Corridor (Imperial Valley segment)2026-02-21LogisticsRail authority dataHighVerified
raillogistics
Union Pacific's Imperial Valley segment operates at an estimated 35–40% of rated freight capacity based on 2025 regional rail plan data, leaving meaningful headroom before new siding or double-tracking investment would be required.
IVE-009Imperial Valley CorridorIID Transmission Backbone2026-02-24EnergyRegional infrastructure dataHighVerified
energychokepoint
Transmission backbone capacity, not generation, is the binding constraint on how much new geothermal and solar power can reach industrial load in the near term.
IVE-010Imperial Valley CorridorNew River Cross-Border Flow2026-02-25Water RightsCross-border water quality dataMediumUnder Review
watercross-border
New River cross-border flow and quality conditions affect both agricultural and industrial water planning on the US side, independent of Colorado River allocation.
IVE-011Imperial Valley CorridorSemiconductor Fabrication Site2026-02-26InfrastructureIndustry reportingLowPending
semiconductorpower
Preliminary semiconductor fabrication siting interest is contingent on both water allocation and transmission capacity being resolved first.
Recent Activity
Evidence Accepted: Spheronization Allocation Tightening2026-07-08

Candidate evidence from the Graphite Market Agent accepted and filed as EV-109, superseding EV-108.

Evidence Imported2026-07-03

Follow-up review: Coating & Finishing Supplier logistics throughput has been benchmarked against comparable re

Evidence Imported2026-06-30

Follow-up review: Cell Maker B shows measurable demand signals consistent with current offtake discussions.

Evidence Imported2026-06-25

Follow-up review: Spheronization Facility (non-domestic) logistics throughput has been benchmarked against com

Evidence Imported2026-06-22

Follow-up review: Brazil Flake Deposit A shows measurable demand signals consistent with current offtake discu